Pathophysiology 5th Edition by Lee-Ellen C. Copstead - Test Bank

Chapter 1: Introduction to Pathophysiology

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. 2. 3. 4. 5. C.Q. was recently exposed to group A hemolytic Streptococcus and subsequently developed a pharyngeal infection. His clinic

examination reveals an oral temperature of 102.3° F, skin rash, dysphagia, and reddened throat mucosa with multiple pustules. He

complains of sore throat, malaise, and joint stiffness. A throat culture is positive for Streptococcus, and antibiotics have been

prescribed. The etiology of C.Q.’s disease is

a. a sore throat.

b. streptococcal infection.

c. genetic susceptibility.

d. pharyngitis.

ANS: B

Etiology refers to the proposed cause or causes of a particular disease process. A sore throat is the manifestation of the disease

process. Genetic susceptibility refers to inherited tendency to develop a disease. Pharyngitis refers to inflammation of the throat and

is also a clinical manifestation of the disease process.

REF: Pg. 2

A 17-year-old college-bound student receives a vaccine against an organism that causes meningitis. This is an example of

a. primary prevention.

b. secondary prevention.

c. tertiary prevention.

d. disease treatment.

ANS: A

Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals by providing

vaccination. Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease. Tertiary prevention includes

rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves

management of the disease once it has developed.

REF: Pg. 9

An obese but otherwise healthy teen is given a prescription for a low-calorie diet and exercise program. This is an example of

a. primary prevention.

b. secondary prevention.

c. tertiary prevention.

d. disease treatment.

ANS: B

Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease such as prescribing diet and exercise for an

individual who has already developed obesity. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing

exposure for susceptible individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate

disability and restore effective functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.

REF: Pgs. 9-10

A patient with high blood pressure who is otherwise healthy is counseled to restrict sodium intake. This is an example of

a. primary prevention.

b. secondary prevention.

c. tertiary prevention.

d. disease treatment.

ANS: B

Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and management of the disease, such as by prescribing sodium restriction for

high blood pressure. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible

individuals. Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective

functioning. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.

REF: Pgs. 9-10

After suffering a heart attack, a middle-aged man is counseled to take a cholesterol-lowering medication. This is an example of

a. primary prevention.

b. secondary prevention.

c. tertiary prevention.

d. disease treatment.

ANS: C

Tertiary prevention includes rehabilitative and supportive care and attempts to alleviate disability and restore effective functioning

such as prescribing a cholesterol lowering medication following a heart attack. Primary prevention is prevention of disease by

altering susceptibility or reducing exposure for susceptible individuals. Secondary prevention is the early detection, screening, and

management of the disease. Disease treatment involves management of the disease once it has developed.

REF: Pgs. 9-10