Biotechnology 2nd Edition by David P. Clark - Test Bank

Chapter 2: DNA, RNA, and Protein

1. According to the Central Dogma of molecular biology

a. RNA is translated from a DNA template then transcribed.

b. Proteins are transcribed at same time they are translated.

*c. The flow of information is from DNA to RNA to protein.

d. Reverse Transcriptase is used to remove introns from RNA.

2. Transcription begins when

a. RNA polymerase finds a 3’ UTR.

b. When the first AUG in a template is recognized.

c. An open reading frame is discovered.

*d. RNA polymerase recognizes a promoter sequence, binds to the DNA, and synthesizes RNA from the 5’ end towards the 3’ end of the new piece.

3. The sequence of mRNA will be the same as the ____________ strand of DNA.

*a. Sense

a. Antisense

b. Antiparallel

c. None of the above are correct

4. DNA and RNA are identical in structure except for:

a. DNA has uracil and RNA has thymine

b. RNA has ribose and DNA has deoxyribose

c. RNA has uracil and DNA has thymine

d. RNA has deoxyribose and DNA has ribose

e. A and B are correct

f. C and D are correct

*g. B and C are correct

h. A and D are correct

5. During prokaryotic transcription termination, the following are key factors for Rho-independent termination EXCEPT for:

a. Two inverted repeats

b. A stretch or length of repeated adenines (A’s)

c. Hairpin structure

*d. A binding site for a special helicase called rho

6. Bacterial operons are transcribed as a single polycistronic mRNA.

*a. True

b. False

7. Eukaryotic genes are translated as a single monocistronic mRNA.

a. True

*b. False

8. RNA polymerase I

a. Transcribes genes that encode proteins

b. Transcribes the genes for tRNA, ssRNA, and other small RNAs

*c. Transcribes the gene for large ribosomal RNAs

9. RNA polymerase II

*a. Transcribes genes that encode proteins

b. Transcribes the genes for tRNA, ssRNA, and other small RNAs

c. Transcribes the gene for large ribosomal RNAs

10.  RNA polymerase III

a. Transcribes genes that encode proteins

*b. Transcribes the genes for tRNA, ssRNA, and other small RNAs

c.  Transcribes the gene for large ribosomal RNAs

11. ____________are regions in eukaryotic DNA that are thousands of base pairs away from a promoter, yet they regulated that promoter.

*a. Enhancers

b. Insulators

c. Promoter

d. Operator

12. __________ is the sequences that RNA polymerase recognizes and to which it binds.

a. Enhancers

b. Insulators

*c. Promoters

d. Operator

13. Prokaryotic repressor proteins bind to the _____________.

a. Enhancers

b. Insulators

c. Promoters

*d. Operator

14.  _____________ sequences prevent eukaryotic enhances from activating  the wrong genes.

a. Enhancer

*b. Insulator

c. Promoter

d. Operator

15.  The lac operon has three structural genes controlled by:

a. Three promoters and one operator, one for each structural gene