Dental Materials Clinical Applications for Dental Assistants and Dental Hygienists 3rd Edition By W. Stephan Eakle -Test

MULTIPLE CHOICE

     1.   Until 1970, which of the following groups of dental auxiliaries were allowed to perform intraoral functions in all states?

1.   Dental hygienists

2.   Registered dental assistants

3.   Certified dental assistants

4.   On-the-job trained dental assistants

a.	1, 2, 3, 4
b.	1, 2, 3
c.	1, 2
d.	1

ANS:  D

Until 1970, only the dental hygienist was allowed to perform intraoral functions in all states. Although laws vary from state to state, virtually every state has modified, updated, and made changes to state restrictions to allow for the performance of intraoral procedures by all allied oral health care practitioners.

REF:   p. 1                 TOP:   The Role of the Dental Auxiliary in the Use of Dental Materials

     2.   Silver paste was first mentioned as a restorative material for teeth by the:

a.	Chinese.
b.	Greeks.
c.	Romans.
d.	French.

ANS:  A

Silver paste was first mentioned as a restorative material for teeth by the Chinese in 659 AD. More than 1000 years later, in 1800, it was produced in France from “shavings from silver cut from coins mixed with enough mercury to form a sloppy paste.” Health problems arising from the high mercury content of this early amalgam prompted the American Society of Dental Surgeons to pass a resolution in 1846 stating that amalgam should not be used under any circumstances.

REF:   p. 3                 TOP:   The Historical Development of Dental Materials

     3.   What was the “Amalgam War” fought over?

a.	Mining rights in states in the Western region of the United States
b.	The price of silver in relation to tin and zinc
c.	The value and safety of silver dental amalgam
d.	Patent issues between France and England

ANS:  C

The “Amalgam War” was fought over the value and safety of silver dental amalgam. It did not end until 1895, when G.V. Black developed an acceptable amalgam formula.

REF:   p. 3                 TOP:   The Historical Development of Dental Materials

     4.   Which of the following restorative techniques was first introduced in 1955?

a.	Cast gold inlays
b.	Cohesive gold foil
c.	Acid-etch technique
d.	Synthetic resins for denture bases

ANS:  C

The acid-etch technique was introduced in 1955. Cohesive gold foil, which could be condensed directly into the cavity preparation, was introduced in 1855. In 1907, Dr. William Taggart demonstrated a casting method to produce gold inlays. Synthetic resins were introduced in 1932; these resins soon replaced rubber as the denture base of choice. Around this time, synthetic resins also became a popular tooth-colored alternative, and, together with the introduction of the acid-etch technique, they have evolved into composite resin, one of the most popular restorative materials.

REF:   p. 3                 TOP:   The Historical Development of Dental Materials

     5.   What is Dr. Frederick McKay credited with?

a.	Developing an acceptable formula for silver dental amalgam
b.	Noting dental fluorosis in Colorado Springs
c.	Demonstrating a casting method to produce gold inlays
d.	The introduction of dental cements

ANS:  B

Dr. Frederick McKay is credited with noting dental fluorosis in Colorado Springs in 1901. Together with G.V. Black, he determined that drinking water was the factor. These caries-free but mottled teeth prompted Dr. McKay to suggest changes in the water supply, leading to the first community water fluoridation programs in 1945.

REF:   p. 3                 TOP:   The Historical Development of Dental Materials

     6.   Since 2005, the American Dental Association (ADA) Seal of Acceptance is awarded to _____ products.

a.	both professional and consumer
b.	professional but not consumer
c.	consumer but not professional
d.	neither professional nor consumer

ANS:  C

Since 2005, the American Dental Association (ADA) Seal of Acceptance is awarded to consumer but not professional products. Although strictly a voluntary program, more than 1300 consumer dental products carry the Seal of Acceptance. Most common among these are toothpaste, toothbrushes, mouth rinses, floss and other interdental cleaners, sugar-free chewing gum, and denture adherents and cleansers.

REF:   p. 4                 TOP:   The Agencies Responsible for Standards (American Dental Association)

     7.   Dental materials considered devices, as well as over-the-counter products sold to the public, are subject to control and regulation of the _____ Center for Devices and Radiological Health.

a.	Food and Drug Administration