Pilbeams Mechanical Ventilation 5th Edition By Cairo -Test Bank

Chapter 1; Basic Terms and Concepts of Mechanical Ventilation

Test Bank

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1. The body’s mechanism for conducting air in and out of the lungs is known as which of the following?

ANS: C

The conduction of air in and out of the body is known as ventilation. Since the question asks for the body’s mechanism, this would be spontaneous ventilation. External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen (O₂) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells.

DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3

2. Which of the following are involved in external respiration?

ANS: C

External respiration involves the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide (CO₂) between the alveoli and the pulmonary capillaries. Internal respiration occurs at the cellular level and involves movement of oxygen from the systemic blood into the cells. Scalene and trapezius muscles are accessory muscles of inspiration. External oblique and transverse abdominal muscles are accessory muscles of expiration.

DIF: 1 REF: pg. 3

3. The graph that shows intrapleural pressure changes during normal spontaneous breathing is depicted by which of the following?

ANS: B

During spontaneous breathing the intrapleural pressure drops from about -5 cm H₂O at end-expiration to about -10 cm H₂O at end-inspiration. The graph depicted for answer B shows that change from -5 cm H₂O to -10 cm H₂O.

DIF: 1 REF: pg. 4

4. During spontaneous inspiration alveolar pressure (P_A) is about: ________________.

ANS: A

-1 cm H₂O is the lowest alveolar pressure will become during normal spontaneous ventilation. During the exhalation of a normal spontaneous breath the alveolar pressure will become +1 cm H₂O.