Chest and cardiovascular
A. Doss and M. J. Bull
1. Regarding the imaging modalities of the chest:
(a) High resolution computed tomography (HRCT) uses a slice thickness
of 4–6 mm to identify mass lesions in the lung.
(b) Spiral CT ensures that no portion of the chest is missed due to variable
inspiratory effort.
(c) MRIshows excellent detail of the lung anatomy.
(d) Bronchography is the technique of choice to visualize the bronchial
tree
(e) CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is performed using catheters
placed in a femoral vein.
2. Regarding the development of the lung:
(a) The tracheobronchial groove appears on the ventral aspect of the
caudal end of the pharynx.
(b) The primary bronchial buds develop from the tracheobronchial
diverticulum.
(c) The epithelium lining the alveoli is the same before and after birth.
(d) A persistent tracheo-oesophageal fistula (TOF) is commonly associated
with an atresia of the duodenum.
(e) Uni-lateral pulmonary hypoplasia is usually due to a congenital
diaphragmatic hernia.
3. Regarding the blood supply to the chest wall:
(a) The posterior intercostal arteriessupply the 11 intercostalspaces.
(b) The internal thoracic artery arises from the subclavian artery and
supplies the upper six intercostal spaces.
(c) The neurovascular bundle passes around the chest wall in the
subcostal groove deep to the internal intercostal musc